Using setuptools to create a cython package calling an external C library

Using setuptools to create a cython package calling an external C library

Creating a Cython package that calls an external C library involves a few steps. Here's a general outline of how you can do it using setuptools:

  1. Create the C Library: First, you need to have your external C library compiled. Let's assume you have a C library named myclib with functions add and subtract.

  2. Create Cython Wrappers: Write Cython wrapper functions that call the functions from your C library. Save this file as mycythonmodule.pyx.

    cdef extern from "myclib.h":
    int add(int a, int b)
    int subtract(int a, int b)

def cy_add(int a, int b):
    return add(a, b)

def cy_subtract(int a, int b):
    return subtract(a, b)

  3. Create setup.py: Create a setup.py file in the root directory of your package to configure your package for building. Replace <your_package> with the actual name of your package.

    from setuptools import setup
from Cython.Build import cythonize

setup(
    name='<your_package>',
    ext_modules=cythonize('mycythonmodule.pyx'),
    include_dirs=['/path/to/myclib']  # Include directory of the C library headers
)

  4. Build and Install: Open a terminal in the package directory and run:

    python setup.py build_ext --inplace
python setup.py install

  5. Usage: After installing the package, you can use it in your Python code:

    from mycythonmodule import cy_add, cy_subtract

result_add = cy_add(10, 5)
result_subtract = cy_subtract(10, 5)

Make sure you have the necessary development tools, such as a C compiler, installed on your system.

Remember that the actual setup might vary based on your project's structure and requirements. This outline should provide you with a starting point for creating a Cython package that calls an external C library using setuptools.

Examples

  1. How to use setuptools to create a Cython package integrating an external C library?

    Description: This query explores how setuptools can be leveraged to build a Cython package that interfaces with an external C library. Combining Cython's capabilities with setuptools' packaging features allows developers to seamlessly integrate C extensions into Python projects.

    Code Example:

    from setuptools import setup, Extension
from Cython.Build import cythonize

setup(
    name='my_cython_package',
    ext_modules=cythonize([
        Extension("my_module", ["my_module.pyx"], libraries=["external_lib"])
    ]),
    # other setup configurations...
)

    In this example, my_module.pyx contains Cython code that interacts with the external_lib C library. By specifying libraries=["external_lib"] in the Extension object within setuptools, the build process links the Cython extension with the external C library.

  2. Tutorial: Creating a Cython package with setuptools and integrating an external C library

    Description: This query indicates a desire for a tutorial guiding developers through the process of using setuptools to construct a Cython package while incorporating functionality from an external C library. Such a tutorial could cover setting up the project structure, writing Cython code, defining setuptools configurations, and handling library dependencies.

    Code Example:

    # setup.py
from setuptools import setup, Extension
from Cython.Build import cythonize

setup(
    name='my_cython_package',
    ext_modules=cythonize([
        Extension("my_module", ["my_module.pyx"], libraries=["external_lib"])
    ]),
    # other setup configurations...
)

    # my_module.pyx
cdef extern from "external_lib.h":
    void external_function(int arg)

def call_external_function(int arg):
    external_function(arg)

    This code snippet illustrates the setup.py configuration and a Cython module (my_module.pyx) that interfaces with the external_lib C library. The Cython code defines a function call_external_function that invokes a function from the external library.

  3. Packaging a Cython project with setuptools and linking to an external C library

    Description: This query focuses on the packaging aspect of integrating a Cython project with an external C library using setuptools. Developers may seek guidance on configuring setuptools to compile Cython code and link it with the necessary C libraries during the package build process.

    Code Example:

    from setuptools import setup, Extension
from Cython.Build import cythonize

setup(
    name='my_cython_package',
    ext_modules=cythonize([
        Extension("my_module", ["my_module.pyx"], libraries=["external_lib"])
    ]),
    # other setup configurations...
)

    Here, the setup() function configures setuptools to compile Cython code (my_module.pyx) into a shared object and link it with the external_lib C library. This enables seamless integration of C functionality into the Python package.

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